Optimizing PID controller parameters in wind energy conversion systems using a metaheuristic technique that relies the Integrated Time Absolute Error (ITAE)

That research intended to create and assess a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) regulation system to a wind energy conversion system (WECS) that utilizes a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). The primary objective was to enhance power extraction by optimizing the system with a genetic algorithm (GA). A Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller, alongside the GA-based technique, was applied to regulate and maintain the wind turbine's maximum power point. During the modeling and simulation phase, the GA technique was used to ascertain the optimal controller variables (KP, KI, and KD), with a focus on minimizing an Integrated Time Absolute Error (ITAE). A simulation results confirmed a effective tracking of the desired maximum power point, showing outputs such as generated power, DC bus voltage, electromagnetic torque, and currents.