Boundary phase transitions of space and properties of elementary particles

The key idea of this theory is that a phase boundary arises at the boundary between the particle's internal metric and external spacetime due to the difference in interaction velocities. This phase boundary naturally explains several fundamental properties of particles, including quantized charge, spin 1/2, electromagnetic interactions, CPT symmetry, and constraints on the weak and strong interactions. Remarkably, the model reproduces all the standard predictions of quantum field theory (QFT) without requiring virtual particles as fundamental entities.