Mortality and hospitalisation costs due to acute myocardial infarction associated with systemic arterial hypertension in brazil from 2010 to 2019

Introduction Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) is one of the most prevalent health conditions globally and a major risk factor for fatal cardiovascular events. In Brazil, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the leading cause of death, and systemic arterial hypertension affects approximately 32% of the adult population. Purpose To describe the magnitude of mortality and hospitalisations due to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) associated with systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) and to assess the evolution of hospitalisation costs related to this condition across the different geographical regions of Brazil from 2010 to 2019. Methods This ecological study investigated hospitalisations and mortality due to AMI associated with SAH in Brazil between 2010 and 2019, using secondary data from the Hospital Information System (SIH/DATASUS) and the Mortality Information System (SIM/DATASUS), respectively. Data were filtered by International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) and analysed in terms of absolute and relative frequencies. The specific mortality rate was calculated per 100,000 inhabitants based on population data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Hospitalisation costs were extracted from the Hospital Information System (SIH/DATASUS) and adjusted for inflation during the period. Results Between 2010 and 2019, there were 2,561,403 deaths from AMI, of which 335,813 (13.1%) were associated with SAH. A continuous increase in deaths was observed over the study period, with the number of deaths due to AMI associated with SAH rising from 28,713 in the first year to 37,154 in the final year of the time series, representing a 25.9% increase. Of the total deaths, 1,196,051 (46.7%) occurred in the Southeast region and 712,699 (27.8%) in the Northeast. The mortality rate for AMI associated with SAH per 100,000 inhabitants for Brazil and its regions was: Brazil (159.4), North (103.5), Northeast (189.2), Southeast (168.8), South (151.1), and Central-West (161.9). During the same period, 992,590 hospitalisations for AMI were recorded, primarily in the Southeast region, which accounted for 499,835 (50.4%) cases. The total hospitalisation costs for AMI were approximately 738.1 million US dollars, or approximately 743.65 dollars per hospitalisation. The Southeast region reported the highest expenditure, around 372.7 million dollars (50.5%), followed by the South with 176 million dollars (23.9%), and the Northeast with 125 million dollars (16.9%). All Brazilian regions showed a continuous increase in hospitalisation costs for AMI between 2010 and 2016, followed by a decline in 2017 and a subsequent increase in expenses in the following years. Conclusions The rise in hospitalisations and deaths due to AMI associated with SAH in Brazil, alongside increasing healthcare costs, underscores the urgent need for effective prevention and control strategies to mitigate these impacts.