Chronic Cough Uncovers Mature Cystic Teratoma of the Mediastinum

We report a case of a 31-year-old male who presented with chronic dry cough and was found to have an anterior mediastinal mass on imaging. Following en bloc resection, histopathology confirmed a mature cystic teratoma, the most common mediastinal germ cell tumor. The patient had an excellent prognosis postoperatively. Mature cystic teratomas account for 1%–5% of all mediastinal tumors and often present asymptomatically or with nonspecific symptoms. This case highlights the importance of early radiological evaluation and surgical excision to prevent complications such as malignant transformation or rupture .