Key result
One-hour plasma glucose outperforms FPG and HbA1c for detecting impaired glucose tolerance with ~0.78 AUC.
Why the study?
What is the diagnostic performance of HbA1c, FPG, and 1-h plasma glucose for detecting impaired glucose tolerance in Black African and White European men?
Cross-Sectional (n=143)
What is the diagnostic performance of HbA1c, FPG, and 1-h plasma glucose for detecting impaired glucose tolerance in Black African and White European men?
1-hour plasma glucose offers superior diagnostic performance for detecting impaired glucose tolerance compared to HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose, with optimal cut-points differing by ethnicity.
Ethnic differences in type 2 diabetes risk highlight the need for accurate detection of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) across all ethnic groups. This study assessed the sensitivity and specificity of HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and 1-h plasma glucose for identifying IGT in 66 Black African (BA) and 77 White European (WE) men. Participants underwent a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test, and diagnostic performance was evaluated using ROC analyses. One-hour glucose showed the highest sensitivity (BA 77.8%, WE 94.1%) and AUC (0.78), whereas FPG 6.1-6.9 mmol/L had the poorest sensitivity (≤7.4%) and lowest AUC (0.49). HbA1c demonstrated ethnic variation: WHO criteria (6.0-6.4%) were more sensitive but less specific in BA than WE men; ADA criteria (5.7-6.4%) showed reduced specificity in BA men. Optimal cut-points differed by ethnicity for all markers. Findings suggest HbA1c and FPG may inadequately detect IGT, while 1-h glucose offers superior diagnostic performance.
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Louise et al. (2026) conducted a cross-sectional in Impaired glucose tolerance (n=143). 1-h plasma glucose, HbA1c, and fasting plasma glucose was evaluated on Sensitivity and specificity for identifying impaired glucose tolerance (AUC 0.78). One-hour plasma glucose showed the highest sensitivity (77.8% in Black African, 94.1% in White European men) and AUC (0.78) for identifying impaired glucose tolerance compared to FPG and HbA1c.
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