Neighborhood Influences on Cardiovascular Health: A Concept Mapping Study With Young Black Men Living in Southern Black Communities

Figure 1.. Final 8-Cluster Map. The concept map illustrates 45 numbered statements grouped into eight distinct non-overlapping clusters that influence health and well-being. Each cluster label represents the neighborhood feature that connects the statements within the cluster. The eight clusters are organized into two broad regions on the map, reflecting protective and harmful neighborhood features for Black men’s health and well-being.

Figure 2.. 8-Cluster Rating Map. The concept map illustrates 45 numbered statements grouped into eight distinct non-overlapping clusters representing neighborhood features relevant to Black men achieving four cardiovascular health behaviors. Clusters are shown with 1 to 5 layers, where more layers indicating higher perceived importance in relation to other clusters. The Cluster Layer Value Range reflects the cluster’s average importance associated with each layer (1 = not important, 2 = somewhat important, 3 = average level of importance, 4 = very important, 5 = essential). The eight-layered clusters are organized into two broad regions on the map, reflecting neighborhood features perceived as protective and harmful to Black men attaining these cardiovascular health behaviors.

Figure 3.. Pattern Matches Across Subgroups. Pattern matching displays subgroup comparisons for cluster ratings for the perceived importance of neighborhood features (i.e., clusters) to Black men’s achievement of four cardiovascular health behaviors. Ratings were provided on a 5-point Likert-type scale (1 = not important, 2 = somewhat important, 3 = average level of importance, 4 = very important, 5 = essential). The (n) indicates the number of participants in each subgroup. Pearson’s product-moment correlations (r) indicate the degree of agreement between subgroup ratings and range from 0 (no agreement) to 1 (perfect agreement). Panel (A) compares participants living in metropolitan versus small city areas, and panel (B) compares participants living in mostly Black versus racially diverse neighborhoods.