Exploration of electrospinning hemp/polyacrylonitrile composite fiber membrane and dye adsorption capabilities

Textile printing and dyeing wastewater has complex water quality and causes great harm. As a common pollutant, the cationic methylene blue dye is harmful to health. Therefore, adsorption technology plays a crucial role in wastewater treatment. To study the application of hemp/polyacrylonitrile nanocomposite fiber membranes in dye adsorption, this study employed electrospinning technology. This study used electrospinning to prepare hemp/polyacrylonitrile nanocomposite fiber membranes for dye adsorption. Hemp fibers were dissolved in LiCl/DMAc, blended with polyacrylonitrile solution, and electrospun after single-factor optimization. The results show that the hemp/polyacrylonitrile composite fiber membrane has a uniform diameter distribution, good hydrophilicity, and excellent mechanical and physical properties. The particulate matter filtration test reveals that the membrane’s filtration efficiency can reach 99.97%. The adsorption of methylene blue by the hemp/polyacrylonitrile composite fiber membrane is more consistent with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model, indicating that it is mainly dominated by chemical adsorption. The adsorption process is a spontaneous endothermic reaction, and a higher temperature is more conducive to adsorption, with an adsorption capacity of up to 75.85 mg/g. The simple method yielded membranes with excellent dye adsorption and particulate filtration performance.