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February 11, 2026

Urinary metal exposure, systemic inflammation, and advanced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome risk in US adults.

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Authors

ZYZhaoqi YanChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeYXYifeng XuChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeXDXiufan DuThird Hospital of Nanchang

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Implication

Analysis assesses urinary metal exposure's impact on advanced CKM risk in adults, indicating significant health concerns.

Key Points

  • This study investigates the role of urinary metal exposure and inflammatory biomarkers in increasing advanced Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome (CKM) risk in US adults.
  • Analyzed data from 6249 NHANES participants
  • Used restricted cubic spline to assess dose-response relationships
  • Applied multivariable and piecewise logistic regression to examine metal associations with CKM risk
  • Evaluated predictive performance through Receiver Operating Characteristic curves
  • Conducted mediation analysis for inflammatory biomarkers and used generalized weighted quantile sum regression and machine learning models
  • Linear associations found between urinary metal levels and advanced CKM risk
  • Each unit increase in Multi-Metal Inflammatory Index led to a 122% risk increase; cadmium and cobalt increased risk by 28% and 14%, respectively
  • Predictive performance of urinary metal levels was confirmed to be good
  • Inflammatory biomarkers mediated the effects of MMII, Cd, and Co on CKM risk
  • Ranking of adverse associations confirmed MMII > Cd > Co in terms of risk contribution.

Cite This Study

Yan et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/698c1c65267fb587c655ee1ahttps://doi.org/10.1007/s10534-026-00796-9
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Urinary metal mixtures and cardio-kidney-metabolic risk in adults from a legacy-contaminated area: Repeated-measures cohort evidence and computational validation2026
  2. 2Cobalt mediates stage-specific toxicity of metal mixtures in cardiovascular–kidney–metabolic syndrome2025
  3. 3Association of Metal Exposure with Novel Immunoinflammatory Indicators2024 · 7 citations
  4. 4Environment-wide association study of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome based on NHANES 2013–20162025 · 5 citations
  5. 5Abstract 37: Urinary Metal Levels and Coronary Artery Calcification: Longitudinal Evidence in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)2024 · 1 citations