Key result
One-hour post-load glucose ≥155 mg/dL is linked to an ~3-fold higher risk of T2DM.
Why the study?
Does 1-hour post-load glucose ≥ 155 mg/dL predict the development of type 2 diabetes in patients with a history of impaired fasting glucose?
Cohort (n=321)
Does 1-hour post-load glucose ≥ 155 mg/dL predict the development of type 2 diabetes in patients with a history of impaired fasting glucose?
A 1-hour post-load glucose ≥ 155 mg/dL is a strong predictor of incident type 2 diabetes in Latin American patients with a history of impaired fasting glucose, outperforming traditional prediabetes criteria.
Background One-hour post-load glucose (1h-PG) ≥ 155 mg/dL has been proposed as a marker of prediabetes and risk for type-2 diabetes (T2DM). However, direct comparison with other prediabetic criteria, also in different populations, could improve the prognostic approach for T2DM. Objective This study compared the prognostic value 1h-PG to traditional prediabetes criteria. Methods A cohort of 321 Peruvian patients with histories of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) underwent OGTTs and were followed for seven years for T2DM development. Results Based on the OGTT, 56.6% of patients had confirmed IFG, 75.4% had normal glucose tolerance (NGT), and 24.6% exhibited IGT. Among NGT individuals, 58.7% had 1h-PG < 155 mg/dL and 41.3% presented 1h-PG ≥ 155 mg/dL. Elevated 1h-PG was associated with IFG, higher BMI, HbA1c, and plasma uric acid. Among those tested, 56% had HbA1c ≥ 5.7%. Concordance between 1h-PG and prediabetes markers was weak. After 4.6 years, 24.3% developed T2DM. Incidence was higher in those with 1h-PG ≥ 155 mg/dL (36.1%) and IGT (32.9%). Only IFG and 1h-PG ≥ 155 mg/dL were significantly associated with T2DM risk, with the latter showing the highest risk [RR= 2.91; 95% CI (1.71 - 5.19); P < 0.001]. Patients with 1h-PG ≥ 155 mg/dL who progressed to T2DM had higher baseline uric acid levels than those with IGT. Conclusion 1h-PG ≥ 155 mg/dL is a solid predictor of T2DM, even among individuals with NGT, may serve as a useful diagnostic criterion for prediabetes in Latin American populations and may be helpful to define a prediabetic phenotype.
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Lizarzaburu-Robles et al. (2026) conducted a cohort in Impaired fasting glucose (n=321). 1-hour post-load glucose (1h-PG) ≥ 155 mg/dL vs. 1h-PG < 155 mg/dL or traditional prediabetes criteria was evaluated on Development of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) (RR 2.91, 95% CI 1.71 - 5.19, p=< 0.001). A 1-hour post-load glucose ≥ 155 mg/dL was significantly associated with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes (RR 2.91; 95% CI 1.71-5.19; P<0.001).
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