A Questionnaire-Based Cross-Sectional Study of Bereavement Disclosure and Support Needs in Dementia Caregiving in Japan

Introduction: Bereavement disclosure in dementia care presents ethical and cultural challenges in Japan. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 25 family caregivers who had experience caring for a person with dementia and who had also experienced the death of a significant person, assessing attitudes toward disclosure and preferences for support. Results: About 80% supported disclosure, citing dignity and relational closeness. Non-disclosure was most often attributed to physical condition, confusion, unpredictable reactions, or professional advice. Younger caregivers favored internet-based support, whereas older caregivers preferred booklets, lectures, and family association services. Conclusion: Findings highlight ethical tension between dignity and avoidance of confusion, with relational and situational factors shaping decisions. Hybrid support models that combine asynchronous online resources with family association services may enhance accessibility and provide caregivers with sustained support in dementia care.