What question did this study set out to answer?

To explore the behavior of line operators within N=4 super Yang-Mills theories involving BPS interfaces.

February 12, 2026Journal of High Energy Physics0 citationsOpen Access

Interface line operators in N=4 SYM theories and supersymmetric indices

YHYasuyuki HatsudaRikkyo University TOTadashi OkazakiSoutheast University

Key Points

To explore the behavior of line operators within N=4 super Yang-Mills theories involving BPS interfaces.
Analyzed configurations of N=4 super Yang-Mills theories with unitary gauge groups.
Examined line operators and their interactions through BPS interfaces.
Derived half-indices related to line defects.
Observed matching of the line defect half-indices, indicating S-duality.
Identified closed-form expressions for the indices involving q-binomial coefficients and Schur functions.

Abstract

A bstract We study configurations of two N=4 N = 4 super Yang-Mills theories of unitary gauge groups connected by the BPS interfaces involving line operators. We find strong evidence of S-duality of the configurations as precise matching of the line defect half-indices which enumerate the BPS local operators at the junctions of the interfaces and line operators. The interface line defect half-indices are expressible as intriguing closed-form formulae involving the q -binomial coefficients and the principal specializations of the Schur functions.

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