Comparative analysis of accuracy and precision in complete dentures fabricated using computer-aided technology compared to conventional techniques

Aim: This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the accuracy and precision of the denture base of complete dentures fabricated using computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology and to compare these results with those for complete dentures fabricated using compression and injection molding techniques. Materials and Methods: The adaptation of denture bases was evaluated for 30 complete dentures fabricated with three different techniques: compression molding, injection molding, and CAD/CAM. A master model with a cobalt-chrome alloy base was scanned to design and fabricate a master CAD/CAM complete denture. A total of 30 plaster casts were developed from this master model and subsequently scanned, with 10 complete dentures fabricated using each fabrication method. All dentures were immersed in distilled water for 30 days, and their intaglio surfaces were scanned at 2 days and again at 30 days. Measurements were taken in six key regions using 3D analysis software to compare the cast and CD surfaces. The applied statistical analysis methods were used to examine differences in the parameters within each group (intra-group) and between groups (inter-group). Results: Regarding the ranking based on medians and interquartile ranges across all 12 evaluated parameters, the CAD/CAM technique demonstrated the best overall combination of denture base accuracy and reproducibility. A Kruskal-Wallis analysis showed significantly greater CAD/CAM CD base precision in the vestibular surface area. Conclusion: The high accuracy and precision of the CAD/CAM CD base are expected to result in better retention, improved masticatory ability, and, thus, a better quality of life for CD wearers.