Integrated All-Optical De-Aggregation of Circular-32QAM Signals in a Hybrid Nonlinear Waveguide

This paper proposes an advanced all-optical de-aggregation scheme based on cascaded phase-sensitive amplification (PSA) for high-fidelity hierarchical information extraction from circular-32QAM signals. The proposed architecture systematically decomposes complex high-order modulation into three fundamental components: PAM4, QPSK, and BPSK. The first PSA stage performs amplitude normalization to equalize power fluctuations, followed by quadrant phase classification through phase-dependent gain mapping, and final intra-quadrant phase resolution via a cascaded dual-PSA configuration with a 90° phase offset. Through meticulous numerical simulations, we demonstrate that the optimized normalization depth effectively suppresses both amplitude and phase noise. Results indicate a high quadrant classification accuracy of 92%, which leads to a significant cumulative error reduction from 22% to 8% across the PSA chain. These findings demonstrate the theoretical feasibility of the proposed scheme in processing complex modulation formats entirely in the optical domain, which offers a potential framework for future high-capacity optical networks.