Advancements in Polymeric Membrane Fabrication: Implications for Biomedical Engineering

Polymeric membranes play a critical role in biomedical engineering due to their adjustable physicochemical properties, biocompatibility, and fabrication flexibility. This review evaluates how fabrication techniques such as phase inversion, electrospinning, nano‐imprinting, self‐assembly, and 3D printing govern membrane structure and performance. Polymeric membranes engineered with controlled porosity, tailored surface chemistry, and regulated release behavior exhibit improved performance and demonstrate strong potential for future biomedical uses, including drug delivery, tissue engineering scaffolds, and wound care applications. The relationship between material selection and biomedical applications, including hemodialysis, drug delivery, tissue engineering, and artificial organs, is highlighted, alongside challenges in scalability and future trends in sustainable and intelligent membrane design.