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Cross-sectional study reveals iodine deficiency and excess in children, indicating the need for improved salt iodization practices.
Both iodine deficiency and excess were observed among school-aged children in Alborz. Iodine status was linked to household salt iodine content and the timing of salt addition during cooking, while no significant associations were found with sociodemographic or dietary factors.
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Baladastian et al. (2026) studied this question.
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