An accelerated framework for high-resolution X-ray holographic reconstruction

X-ray propagation-based phase contrast imaging, a well established imaging technology in synchrotron radiation facilities, enables high-resolution 3D structural reconstruction. Nevertheless, the phase retrieval process required to restore quantitative phase information from holograms remains a significant challenge. Existing software solutions face problems such as performance bottlenecks and limitations in hardware support. Here, we describe a high-performance software named HiHolo based on the CUDA-MPI architecture for the holographic regime, and propose three improved iterative phase retrieval algorithms, providing an efficient framework for achieving high-quality holographic reconstruction. Experimental results demonstrate that HiHolo achieves 24%–37% performance improvement compared with current mainstream software and exhibits near-linear scalability in multi-GPU systems. The alternating projections with probe algorithm effectively reduces artifacts in traditional empty beam correction by simultaneously optimizing both object and probe wavefields; the extrapolation iteration method enhances the spatial resolution of limited field of view through the computational technique; furthermore, the parallel iterative reprojection optimizes the efficiency of 3D reconstruction, achieving a speedup of about 6–14 times compared with the serial version.