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February 19, 2026Open Access

Investigating the Effects of N-Pentanol–camphor–gasoline Blends on Spark Ignition Engine Efficiency

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Authors

AMAbdullahi Bello Musa

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Overview

This work investigates engine efficiency with fuel blends in spark ignition engines, suggesting potential performance improvements.

Key Points

  • To evaluate the performance and emissions of n-pentanol and camphor blended with gasoline in spark ignition engines.
  • Blend various proportions of pentanol and camphor with gasoline.
  • Test fuel blends in spark ignition engines at different torque levels.
  • Measure specific fuel consumption, brake thermal efficiency, and brake mean effective pressure (BMEP).
  • Sample P0A showed the best specific fuel consumption at 19.2 kg/kWh at 3 Nm torque.
  • Sample P0B had the best fuel consumption at 12.9 kg/kWh at 6 Nm torque.
  • Sample P0B achieved the highest brake thermal efficiency at 0.34 at 3 Nm and 0.65 at 6 Nm.
  • Sample P15A yielded a BMEP of 1.97 bar at 3 Nm.
  • Sample P5C had the best BMEP at 3.87 bar at 6 Nm.

Cite This Study

Abdullahi Bello Musa (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6996a798ecb39a600b3ed6e9https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18661679
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