A study demonstrates improved energy efficiency in electric vehicles by adjusting motor design parameters, suggesting practical design metrics.
This study proposes an electromagnetic design strategy to improve the energy efficiency of electric-vehicle (EV) traction motors by defining an operating region with high energy contribution using Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule (UDDS) data and targeting efficiency improvement within that region. For distributed-winding (DW) and concentrated-winding (CW) IPMSM models, the stator-to-rotor diameter ratio varied, and the resulting change in the loading ratio was used as an indicator to evaluate loss and efficiency variations in the energy-weighted region of the efficiency map via two-dimensional finite element analysis (2D FEA). The results show that the losses within the weighted region decreased by up to 16.64% compared with the reference model, and the UDDS-cycle-based overall energy efficiency improved by up to 0.423%. These findings demonstrate that combining electromagnetic geometric design with driving-cycle data can serve as a practical metric for improving EV energy efficiency.
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Song et al. (2026) studied this question.
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