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Preprint assesses mid-infrared excess in nearby galaxies, suggesting covariate conditioning impacts detection.
This preprint presents a population-level mid-infrared test anchored at 12 and 22 μm using WISE and GAMA DR4 data. Applying matched-null stratified refinement, it evaluates whether persistent mid-infrared excess survives progressive covariate conditioning. The analysis extends the convergence test to shorter wavelengths to assess whether any stable high-dissipation subpopulation remains detectable in bulk energy-integrated observables.
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Brenton Fournier (2026) studied this question.
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