CT imaging demonstrates the role of cranial bones in atlanto-occipital assimilation, indicating significant involvement in type I basilar invagination.
CT with multiplanar and 3D reconstructions provides a comprehensive evaluation of atlanto-occipital assimilation in BI1. The condyle-mass complex was the most consistent assimilation site, while anterior and posterior arch fusions were variable. Atlanto-occipital assimilation in BI1 appears to extend beyond midline structures, involving consistent exoccipital-atlas lateral mass nonsegmentation. https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE25765.
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Maciel et al. (2026) studied this question.
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