Literature review demonstrates increased e-government service use with free internet in townships, suggesting policy improvements.
The digital divide in South Africa's townships exacerbates disparities in e-government service use. A comprehensive search strategy was employed to identify relevant studies, ensuring rigorous inclusion criteria and thematic analysis. Findings suggest a moderate increase (35%) in e-government service use among those with free internet access compared to the general population. Free internet access significantly boosts e-government service utilization in township residents, though disparities persist. Public policies should prioritise infrastructure development and digital literacy programmes targeting disadvantaged communities. Model estimation used θ̂=argminθ∑ᵢ(yᵢ,f_θ(xᵢ))+λθ₂², with performance evaluated using out-of-sample error.
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Nkono et al. (2000) studied this question.
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