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The aim is to explore how prediabetes progresses to diabetes or reverses to normoglycemia, focusing on biomarkers and mechanisms involved.

February 22, 2026Open Access

Proteomic and Metabolomic Signatures in Prediabetes Progressing to Diabetes or Reversing to Normoglycemia Within 1 Year

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The aim is to explore how prediabetes progresses to diabetes or reverses to normoglycemia, focusing on biomarkers and mechanisms involved.
Measured plasma concentrations of 1,389 proteins and 152 metabolites during OGTT.
Analyzed samples from 134 individuals with diabetes, prediabetes, or normal glucose tolerance.
Conducted repeated analyses for 108 participants with prediabetes from 1 year prior.
14 proteins showed higher concentrations in diabetes compared to normoglycemia observed 1 year before.
Elevated levels of dicarbonyl/L-xylulose reductase and glutathione S-transferase A3 indicated increased diabetes risk.
Pathway analysis highlighted immune response differences observable in prediabetes before diabetes onset.

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Comparative analysis identifies biomarkers for prediabetes progression and remission in individuals with glucose intolerance.

Barovic et al. (2025) studied this question.

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