What question did this study set out to answer?

The research aims to evaluate the factors influencing COVID-19 vaccination uptake among pregnant and postpartum individuals.

February 22, 2026

Factors Associated with Inpatient COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake for Pregnant and Postpartum People

Key Points

The research aims to evaluate the factors influencing COVID-19 vaccination uptake among pregnant and postpartum individuals.
Conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients admitted to academic hospitals.
Classified patients based on their vaccination status upon admission.
Utilized chi-square tests, t-tests, and logistic regression for analysis of factors associated with vaccination.
38.5% of antepartum patients and 52.6% of postpartum patients were sufficiently vaccinated upon admission.
Key factors associated with antepartum vaccination included prior influenza vaccination and length of stay.
For postpartum vaccination, significant factors included race, timing of prenatal care initiation, and prior vaccinations during pregnancy.

Abstract

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate inpatient COVID-19 vaccine uptake among pregnant and postpartum patients. Retrospective cohort study of patients admitted to the antepartum and postpartum services of two academic hospitals between April 2021 and July 2022. Patients were classified as “sufficiently vaccinated” (fully vaccinated or not yet due for an additional dose) or “eligible for vaccination” on admission. We used chi-square, independent samples t-test, and Wilcoxon's rank sum test to compare characteristics between the groups on admission. We used logistic regression to analyze factors associated with inpatient vaccination for antepartum and postpartum patients. Among 886 antepartum and 12,036 postpartum patients, 341 (38.5%) and 6,327 (52.6%) were sufficiently vaccinated at the time of admission, respectively. Factors associated with vaccination status on admission included age, race, ethnicity, marital status, insurance, smoking status, trimester of prenatal care initiation, obstetric history, comorbidities, and receipt of Tdap and influenza vaccinations during pregnancy. Among 545 eligible antepartum patients, 30 (5.5%) were vaccinated inpatient. Factors associated with inpatient antepartum vaccination included receipt of influenza vaccination during pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio aOR = 7.95, 95% confidence interval CI: 2.94–21.46), length of stay (aOR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.03–1.11), and abruption (aOR = 6.20, 95% CI: 1.78–21.62). Among 5,709 eligible postpartum patients, 527 (9.2%) were vaccinated inpatient. Factors associated with inpatient postpartum vaccination included Black race (aOR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.09–1.95), initiation of prenatal care in the second trimester compared with the first (aOR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.08–1.77), gestational diabetes (aOR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.25–2.30), receipt of Tdap (aOR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.02–2.13) and influenza (aOR = 1.66, 95% CI: 1.32–2.09) vaccinations during pregnancy, and length of stay (aOR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.00–1.11). Despite the availability of inpatient vaccination, COVID-19 vaccine uptake in this peripartum population was low. General vaccine acceptance and increased length of stay were associated with inpatient vaccination.

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