Neuroimaging of Dementia: Review of Characteristic Imaging Findings on Structural Brain MRI

Dementia is an increasing health issue with a high prevalence among elderly individuals. Because a heterogeneous group of underlying disease processes may present clinically as dementia, structural brain magnetic resonance imaging is commonly performed for the workup of patients presenting with new cognitive impairment to aid in differentiation and diagnosis of various neurodegenerative diseases and dementia pathologies. Appropriate detection and recognition of characteristic structural brain MRI features may facilitate diagnostic decision making in dementia workup.