Supplementation reduces oxidative stress and alters microbiota composition in high copper diet, indicating protective effects on gut health.
These findings suggest that spermidine supplementation restores intestinal architecture, boosts beneficial microbiota (e.g., Firmicutes, unclassified_f_Lachnospiraceae), and enhances antioxidant markers (SOD, T-AOC) and immune function (IgA).
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Qi et al. (2026) studied this question.
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