Revisiting Smallholder Farms Systems in Tanzania: Quasi-Experimental Design for Cost-Effectiveness Evaluation

Smallholder farms in Tanzania face challenges related to cost-effectiveness and sustainability. A replication study using randomized controlled trials (RCT) with stratified sampling across different regions in Tanzania to measure the impact of new farming techniques on yields and costs. The analysis revealed a significant increase in crop yield by 20% among treatment groups compared to control groups, with cost savings attributed to optimised irrigation systems reaching 50 per hectare per year. The quasi-experimental design successfully demonstrated the effectiveness of new farming techniques in enhancing yields and reducing costs for smallholder farmers in Tanzania. Farmers should be provided with training on implementing these practices, while policymakers need to support infrastructure development that facilitates sustainable agricultural practices. Quasi-Experimental Design, Smallholder Farms, Cost-Effectiveness Evaluation, Agricultural Practices, Resource Management The empirical specification follows Y=₀+^ X+, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.