Alleviating effect on periodontal inflammation through anti-inflammatory and osteogenic differentiation induction of KGC19b in vitro and in vivo experimental model

Panax ginseng Meyer of the Araliaceae family have various biological activities and pharmacological actions such as anticancer, immunomodulation, and anti-inflammatory. In many studies on ginseng, studies on ginseng fruit are still new, and the effect and potential of ginseng fruit on periodontitis in HPDL cells have been investigated in vitro and in vivo. HPDL cells were stimulated with PG-LPS for 12 h to evaluate the effects of KGC19b (50–200 μg/mL) on periodontitis. Cell viability, pro-inflammatory markers, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and osteogenesis-related markers were assessed. In the rat model, periodontitis was induced using ligature and PG-LPS, and KGC19b was administered orally for 6 days. The effects of KGC19b were evaluated by micro-CT analysis and H&E staining. KGC19b reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, restored osteogenic markers, enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity, and decreased ROS in HPDL cells. In the rat model, KGC19b alleviated periodontal inflammation and prevented bone mass loss. In this study, KGC19b shows the possibility of improving and treating periodontitis through anti-inflammatory, osteogenesis, and antibacterial effects.