Technical note describes a new ovine model for evaluating maxillofacial implants, improving standardization and reducing animal use.
The approach provided a safe and reliable surgical corridor to the mandibular ramus in sheep. Surgical site swelling should be assessed by ultrasonography to exclude implant involvement. This model may improve standardization and reduce animal numbers in studies evaluating maxillofacial implants.
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Sanaei et al. (2026) studied this question.
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