Open retrograde stenting improves outcomes in patients with common carotid artery stenosis, suggesting a safer surgical option.
Open retrograde CAS under local anesthesia could be a feasible option for CCA origin stenosis in patients at elevated anesthetic risk. A sheathless BGC could permit reliable distal protection, securing hemostasis with limited exposure. https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE25917.
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Kobayashi et al. (2026) studied this question.
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