What question did this study set out to answer?

The aim is to improve the performance of sodium-ion battery cathodes through a high-entropy doping strategy.

February 26, 2026

Unlocking Fast-Charging and Durable Sodium-Ion Full Batteries via Entropy-Driven Coordination Regulation of Na 4 Fe 3 (PO 4 ) 2 P 2 O 7

Key Points

The aim is to improve the performance of sodium-ion battery cathodes through a high-entropy doping strategy.
Synthesis of Na4Fe3–5x(MgMnTiCrCu)x(PO4)2P2O7 via ball milling
Application of high-entropy doping to tailor local coordination environment
Optimization of metal ions to enhance electron and ion transport
HE-0.03 shows remarkable cycling stability and fast-charging performance
Enhanced sodium ion diffusion kinetics observed due to lattice expansion
Reduced band gap and improved electronic conductivity result from metal ion incorporation

Abstract

Na4Fe3(PO4)2(P2O7) (NFPP) is a low-cost, mixed-polyanion cathode that offers an appropriate operating voltage and large theoretical capacity, yet its intrinsically low electronic conductivity and sluggish ion-diffusion kinetics hamper practical performance. To overcome these limitations, we apply a high-entropy doping strategy that tailors the local coordination environment of the NFPP framework, enhancing both electronic and ionic transports without compromising structural integrity. A series of Na4Fe3–5x(MgMnTiCrCu)x(PO4)2P2O7 (x = 0, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, denoted as HE-NFPP-x) were synthesized via ball milling. The incorporation of multiple metal ions at Fe sites promotes electron transfer by shortening the Fe–O and Fe–Fe bond lengths and reducing the band gap. The lattice expansion and elongated Na–O bonds enhance the sodium ion diffusion kinetics in HE-NFPP. The optimized HE-0.03 exhibits remarkable cycling stability and exceptional fast-charging performance. This work provides valuable insights into the performance enhancement of sodium-ion battery cathodes through entropy-mediated coordination tuning.

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