Design and Performance Evaluation of a BlockchainIoT Based Security Framework for Secure Academic Operations

The rapid digital transformation of educational institutions has increased reliance on Internet of Things (IoT) technologies for smart classrooms, campus management, attendance monitoring, and administrative processes. While IoT enhances efficiency, it also introduces security and privacy risks due to centralised architectures, weak authentication, and exposure to cyber threats. Blockchain technology offers a promising solution with its decentralised, immutable, and transparent features. This study proposes a Blockchain and IoT-based security framework for educational institutions and evaluates its effectiveness using a conceptual approach supported by a literature review and simulated statistical analysis. Security parameters, including data integrity, access control, privacy protection, authentication, and auditability, were assessed before and after Blockchain integration. Descriptive statistics, paired sample t-test, and one-way ANOVA were applied to analyse the results. Findings reveal a significant improvement in all security parameters post-Blockchain integration, confirming that the framework enhances trust, transparency, and system resilience while mitigating vulnerabilities of traditional IoT systems. The study concludes that Blockchain–IoT integration provides a robust and sustainable approach to securing smart educational environments, offering valuable guidance for policymakers, administrators, and researchers driving secure digital transformation in education.