Characteristics and Management of Plantar Fasciitis among Iraqi Population: A Cross-Sectional Study in Al Imamain Al-Kadhimain Medical City

Export Objective: Plantar fasciitis is a prevalent and debilitating condition that affects a significant number of individuals worldwide. It is characterized by inflammation and degeneration of the plantar fascia, resulting in heel pain and functional limitations. While plantar fasciitis has been extensively studied in various populations, there is a notable scarcity of research focusing specifically on its characteristics and management within the Iraqi population. This population represents a distinct group with unique genetic, cultural, lifestyle, and environmental factors that may influence the occurrence and management of plantar fasciitis. The aim of this study was to explore various patient- and condition-related characteristics and risk factors associated with plantar fasciitis within the Iraqi population. Additionally, the study aims to evaluate the current management strategies and interventions employed for treating plantar fasciitis in Iraq. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 30 patients diagnosed with plantar fasciitis in Al-Imamain Al-Kadhimain Medical City’s orthopedic outpatient clinic during the period from February 2022 to April 2023. Patient demographics, diagnosis, and management-related parameters were recorded. Results: The mean age of the included patients was 41.37±13.61 years. Females accounted for 70% of the sample; 80% of patients had symptoms on one foot; and 60% reported experiencing morning pain. 60% of patients had heel spurs, which were more common in females. There was a significant relationship between the presence of heel spurs and recurrent plantar fasciitis. The most common risk factors were occupation, obesity, and excessive running. Treatment-wise, NSAIDs were the most used treatment (42%), followed by physiotherapy (29%). Conclusions: Plantar fasciitis is a prevalent condition that affects mostly middle-aged women. Morning pain is the most common symptom reported by patients, and heel spurs are frequently found in patients with plantar fasciitis. The study also concludes that there is a significant relationship between heel spurs and recurrent plantar fasciitis. Concerning treatment, NSAIDs, and physiotherapy constituted the most used therapeutic modalities by Iraqi patients with plantar fasciitis.