Export Objective: Renal effects in COVID-19-infected cases range from proteinuria to acute kidney injury (AKI), while COVID-19 mortality is linked to alveolar injury. Renal involvement is associated with diverse outcomes, including elevated mortality. The aim of this study was to compare COVID-19-infected patients with and without chronic kidney disease (CKD), analyzing clinical and lab differences, AKI rates, and renal manifestations’ impact on outcomes. Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted across three COVID-19 centers: Al-Imamain Al-Kadhimain Medical City, Al-Karamu Hospital, and Dar Al-Salam Hospital from January to July 2021. The cohort included 100 confirmed COVID-19-infected patients, tracked until recovery or death. Two groups were defined as follows: Group A (CKD) with documented CKD and COVID-19, and Group B (non-CKD) without prior renal disease. Data collection encompassed demographics, medical history, radiological and biochemical data, clinical renal indicators, COVID-19 severity, urine analysis, and development of AKI. Results: In this study involving 100 participants (33 CKD and 67 non-CKD), age differences were significant (P=0.003), with CKD patients being older. COVID-19 severity and survival rates varied significantly (both P < 0.001) between study groups. Renal manifestations, including proteinuria, hematuria, pyuria polyuria, oliguria, and anuria occurred more frequently in the CKD group but only proteinuria and oliguria reached statistical significance (P < 0.05). Male gender, proteinuria, hematuria, and AKI development were linked to heightened mortality risk. Lower hemoglobin, lymphocyte counts, and elevated D-dimer indicated CKD impact. Hypertension was significantly associated with AKI risk (P=0.031). Conclusions: The study highlighted that age, male gender, and comorbidities like hypertension predicted COVID-19 severity and mortality. Renal indicators, notably proteinuria, hematuria, and AKI, were significant markers of increased mortality risk.
K et al. (Tue,) studied this question.