Polygenic Risks for Mood Disorders and Economic Well-being: Study of Finnish Cohorts.

The genetic predispositions for depression and BD exhibit distinct and sometimes opposing relationships with economic outcomes, mediated by education. Although effect sizes were substantial, genetic risks could still be mitigated by environmental factors, such as education and institutional frameworks, that foster economic resilience. The lack of association between MDPGS and educational level highlights the offsetting effects of its components, suggesting that focusing on specific mental disorders rather than generalisations offers clearer insights into the genetic underpinnings of brain health-related economic disparities in the general population.