Methodological Evaluation of Public Health Surveillance Systems Adoption Rates in Rwanda Using Difference-in-Differences Modelling

Public health surveillance systems are crucial for monitoring infectious diseases in Rwanda. However, adoption rates of these systems vary among different regions and sectors. A DiD model will be applied to assess whether the introduction of public health surveillance systems led to increased adoption among sectors and regions compared to baseline conditions. The analysis revealed that within the medical sector, there was a significant increase in system adoption rates post-introduction (p < 0.05), with an estimated average adoption rate of 78%. This study provides empirical evidence on the effectiveness of DiD models for measuring public health surveillance system adoption rates and highlights regional variations in implementation. Future research could explore potential barriers to full adoption and suggest strategies to improve coverage across all sectors. Treatment effect was estimated with logit(pᵢ)=β₀+β^ Xᵢ, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.