Methodological Assessment of Emergency Care Units Systems in Ethiopia Using Quasi-Experimental Designs: A Systematic Literature Review

Emergency care units (ECUs) in Ethiopia have been established to improve access to medical services during crises and emergencies. A comprehensive search strategy was employed across multiple databases to identify relevant studies. Studies were included if they utilised quasi-experimental designs and reported data from Ethiopian ECUs. Methodological quality was assessed using predefined criteria. The review identified a total of 15 studies, with methodological heterogeneity observed in study design, outcome measures, and statistical analyses, indicating the need for standardised approaches in future research to ensure comparability and reliability. Despite the diversity of methodologies employed, there is potential for improving the consistency and validity of clinical outcomes assessment within ECUs using a more rigorous methodological framework. Future studies should adhere to established guidelines for quasi-experimental designs to enhance the robustness of their findings and facilitate broader interpretation across different settings. Treatment effect was estimated with logit(pᵢ)=β₀+β^ Xᵢ, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.