Integrated Management of Weeds of Wheat (Tritium aestivum L.) Through Hand Weeding and Herbicides Frequency in Kuyu District, North Shewa Zone, Oromia

Field Experiment on Integrated Weed management in wheat was conducted at the Fitche Agricultural Research Center during the main growing season of 2022 and 2023. The study was designed in a randomized complete block design with three replications and consisted of eleven (11) treatments. As a result of the experiment, the lowest total weed density was recorded in Weed free check (2.58 m⁻²) and One times application of Obest 8EC at three weeks after Emergence + one times hand weeding at five weeks after emergence (5.067 m⁻²), followed by One times application of Obest 8EC at three weeks after Emergence treatment (8.08m⁻²), and the grain yield from weed free plot was found to be the maximum (4966.677 kgha⁻¹), followed by One times application of Obest 8EC at three weeks after Emergence + one times hand weeding at five weeks after emergence (4509.801 kgha⁻¹) and One times application of Obest 8EC at three weeks after Emergence treatment (4061.322 kgha⁻¹). The highest control efficiency was recorded (94.64% in the weed free plots, One times application of Obest 8EC at three weeks after Emergence + one times hand weeding at five weeks after emergence (93.28%). In contrast the highest weed density (123.253 m⁻²) and lowest grain yield (1274.796 kgha⁻¹) were achieved in weed-infested control plot. According to the economic analysis, the maximum net benefits (403130.56 birr⁻¹) were obtained from Weed free check treatments and One times application of Obest 8EC at three weeks after Emergence + one times hand weeding at five weeks after emergence (367956.74 birrha⁻¹) and One times application of Obest 8EC at three weeks after Emergence treatment (340061.22 birr ha⁻¹), Overall, it was concluded that One times application of Obest 8EC at three weeks after Emergence treatment were highly effective in controlling the major weeds grasses observed in wheat fields. One times application of Obest 8EC at three weeks after Emergence + one times hand weeding at five weeks after emergence is recommended for the study area.