Case-control study finds increased cancer odds linked to high-dose ESA use in dialysis patients, suggesting caution in treatment.
In this case-control study of patients undergoing dialysis, high-dose ESA use was associated with greater odds of new cancer development. These results suggest that caution should be exercised to avoid aiming for excessively high hemoglobin levels during ESA therapy.
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Kim et al. (2026) studied this question.
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