Laboratory experiments demonstrate increased nitrous oxide and dinitrogen emissions in soils treated with liquid organic fertilization, indicating a need for optimized application methods.
• Although incorporating liquid organic fertilizer into the soil is recommended to reduce ammonia emissions, our results showed that this increased dinitrogen (N₂) and nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions by 170 to 800%. • It is unclear how the application of liquid organic fertilizers can be optimized, as data on N₂ emissions are lacking and current models are not suitable for taking into account the spatial distribution of manure in the soil. • The injection of cattle manure compared to surface application was investigated in laboratory incubations with two soils. The results showed that injection increased N₂ and N₂O emissions by 170 to 800%. • We developed and calibrated a model that takes into account spatial hot spot effects in manure application and can be used to develop site-specific management recommendations.
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Well et al. (2024) studied this question.
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