What question did this study set out to answer?

This review aims to elucidate the role of microbiome-induced changes in the production of autoreactive antibodies in autoimmune diseases.

A Unique Perspective on Auto-reactive Antibody Production in Autoimmune Disease Induced by Microbiome

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This review examines how microbial infections disrupt immune balance and induce auto-reactive antibodies, suggesting new research directions.

This review aims to elucidate the role of microbiome-induced changes in the production of autoreactive antibodies in autoimmune diseases.
Summarized mechanisms of immune tolerance in T and B cells.
Explored breakthroughs in understanding immune tolerance.
Reviewed the relationship between microbial infections and autoreactive antibody production.
Described disruption in the balance of autoreactive T and B cells due to microbial infections.
Explained how microbial infections can induce autoreactive antibodies via carrier effects.
Provided insights into the role of molecular mimicry in autoimmune disease development.

Yan et al. (2026) studied this question.

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This review examines how microbial infections disrupt immune balance and induce auto-reactive antibodies, suggesting new research directions.