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March 3, 2026Marine Environmental ResearchOpen Access

Trends and Dynamics of Chlorophyll-a in the Arabian Gulf

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Authors

FSFahad Al SenafiKuwait UniversityAAAli H. AbdulhussainKuwait University

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Implication

Analysis reveals a decline in chlorophyll-a concentrations in the Arabian Gulf, indicating environmental vulnerability.

Key Points

  • The study aims to analyze the dynamics of chlorophyll-a in the Arabian Gulf and its response to environmental factors.
  • Analyzed 19 years of chlorophyll-a data (2003-2021) using MODIS satellite imagery and in situ observations.
  • Conducted spatial analysis comparing coastal and offshore chlorophyll-a concentrations.
  • Performed seasonal analysis to identify peak chlorophyll-a concentrations during winter.
  • Utilized empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis to explore variability in chlorophyll-a.
  • Chlorophyll-a concentrations decreased by approximately 16% over the study period.
  • Average chlorophyll-a concentration was 1.29 ±0.51 mg m −3 from 2003 to 2021.
  • Chlorophyll-a levels were up to three times higher in coastal waters compared to offshore regions.
  • EOF analysis identified three modes of variability explaining 26% of the changes in chlorophyll-a, correlated with ENSO, IOD, and AMO.

Cite This Study

Senafi et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69a67e0ef353c071a6f09f69https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2026.107952
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