Background: Periplaneta americana grease (PAG), a lipid-rich fraction with documented wound-repair properties, remains challenging. This study aimed to develop a stable and patient-friendly film-forming agent (PAP) from PAG for topical wound management. Methods: The chemical profile of PAG was characterized with GC-MS. The formulation was optimized via single-factor and orthogonal experimental design. Comprehensive physicochemical characterization was performed. A vehicle control (film without PAG) was used to isolate PAG’s bioactive effects. In vitro, antioxidant (DPPH/ABTS assays) and antibacterial activity were evaluated. In vivo efficacy was assessed using a murine full-thickness wound model (mice, 150 µL applied 3 times daily for 10 days), with bFGF and Kangfuxin solution as positive controls. Histological analysis was conducted on healed tissue. Results: GC-MS revealed PAG’s complex composition, rich in sterols, terpenoids, and heterocyclic compounds. The optimized PAP formed a uniform, flexible film with suitable mechanical strength and shear-thinning rheology. PAP showed significant antioxidant activity and selective antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. In the wound model, PAP treatment significantly accelerated wound closure, achieving a 98.2% healing rate by day 10, comparable to positive controls and significantly superior to the vehicle control. Histology demonstrated enhanced re-epithelialization, reduced inflammation, and improved collagen organization. Conclusions: PAP was successfully formulated into a multifunctional film-forming agent that addresses key barriers to healing—infection, oxidative stress, and tissue regeneration. The results demonstrate its potential as an innovative therapeutic strategy for wound care.
Wang et al. (Sat,) studied this question.