Malaria Vector Control Strategies and Dengue Fever Incidence in Nairobi, Kenya: A Two-Year Intervention Evaluation

Malaria remains a significant public health concern in Nairobi, Kenya, despite ongoing vector control efforts. Coinciding with this, dengue fever has emerged as another important arboviral disease affecting urban populations in the region. A cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) design was employed to assess the impact of indoor residual spraying and insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs). Participants were randomly allocated into intervention and control groups. Data collection included weekly surveys for dengue fever incidence and monthly vector surveillance. The study observed a statistically significant decrease in dengue fever cases among individuals in the intervention group compared to controls ($eta = -1.23, p < 0.05$). Malaria vector control strategies effectively reduced dengue fever incidence over two years. Future studies should consider integrating multiple interventions and monitoring for long-term sustainability of malaria vector control measures.