The Role of Honey Bees (Apis mellifera L.) in the Pollination of Almond Plants

The intent of fruit growing is obtaining abundant and quality product. An important way of this is realization of poolination and impregnation events healthy. The first action that providing the impregnation and the most important factor that determining the product amount is pollination. At the same time, pollination affects the fruit form and size. Pollination of plants consists according to flower structure with wind and insects. Almond plant belongs to the class of plants dusted with bugs (entomophilous). This study has examined the effects of honeybees over the yield and quality components on almond plant. The research was carried out in a almond garden at an altitude of 650 m in Kilis province. Three different points were determined from the beginning, middle and end of the experiment field, and 6 Ferranges tree and 6 Ferredual tree which had the same characteristics were chosen from each point. 3 trees from each determined points were taken into a cage covered with netting that had pores with the parameters of 3.8 mm x 3.8 mm 1 week before blossoming. The other 3 trees constituted the control group. It was found that the honeybees are completely effective on the fruit set (%34.38 of the flowers are polinated and turn into fruits in the bee entrance free trees while %1.47 of the flowers are polinated and turn into fruits in the bee restricted trees.) and yield (5.913 kg/tree yield of trees in the bee entrance free areas; 0,218 kg/tree of trees in the bee restricted areas), however they had no effect over the parameter of fruit quality.