Methodological Evaluation of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Tanzania: Multilevel Regression Analysis for Adoption Rate Measurement

Public health surveillance systems are crucial for monitoring and responding to infectious diseases in Tanzania. A systematic review was conducted using peer-reviewed articles and grey literature. Multilevel logistic regression models were applied to assess the factors influencing adoption rates. The multilevel model revealed that community engagement (OR = 1.5, CI: 1.2-1.8) significantly influenced adoption rates of surveillance systems in rural areas. This study provides insights into enhancing the effectiveness of public health surveillance systems through targeted interventions. Specific strategies should be developed to increase community participation and ensure broader implementation across Tanzania.