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Retrospective cohort study shows similar clinical pregnancy rates following testicular sperm aspirations in men with obstructive azoospermia, suggesting a practical approach.
In this retrospective cohort of men with OA undergoing ICSI, repeating TESA within 3 months did not compromise clinical pregnancy outcomes. Overall differences across interval definitions were small and inconsistent, supporting the practicality of proceeding to an ICSI cycle shortly after an outpatient TESA when clinically appropriate. Prospective studies are warranted.
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Ouyang et al. (2026) studied this question.
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