Nanomaterial-based antibacterial strategies: Mechanisms, rational design, and future perspectives

Key Points

• Nanomaterials exhibit significant antibacterial activity against a wide range of pathogens, showcasing their potential.
• Key mechanisms include disruption of microbial membranes and generation of reactive oxygen species, indicating effective pathways.
• Analysis of current and emerging nanomaterials highlights their rational design for targeted antibacterial applications.
• Future perspectives may enable broader use of nanomaterials in medicine, yet safety and efficacy trials are still needed.