Pollen morphology and diversity in Rosa × hybrida cultivars with comparative insights across the Rosaceae family

Key Points

• Pollen morphology shows distinct diversity among various Rosa × hybrida cultivars, highlighting unique adaptations.
• Key evidence includes specific pollen traits that differentiate these cultivars, with implications for breeding and conservation.
• Comparative analysis of pollen across the Rosaceae family reveals evolutionary trends and connections among species.
• This work calls for deeper exploration of pollen diversity, which may enhance horticultural practices and ecological understanding.