Flax is one of the most valuable agricultural plants. In terms of biological value, linseed oil occupies one of the first places among other edible vegetable oils. The different ratio of fatty acids allows it to be used for food and technical purposes. The purpose of the research is to conduct a comprehensive assessment of oil flax varieties of our own selection in competitive variety testing to create varieties with different fatty acid composition of oil (FAC), combining high productivity, oil content, early maturity, resistance to lodging. The experiments were carried out at the Federal Research Center for Bast Fiber Crops – Separate division "Penza Research Institute of Agriculture" in 2020-2022. The material for the study is 6 variety samples of our own selection. The varieties VNIIMK-622 and Istok served as the standard. When conducting research, we used the "Methodology of the state variety testing of agricultural crops". Identification and determination of the content of high molecular weight fatty acids was performed by gas-liquid chromatography on a "Kristall 5000.1" chromatograph. Valuable samples 208/4 and OKSI 261/32 with a yield of 1.36 and 1.35 t/ha, oil content – 44.74 and 43.89% and oil yield – 530.2 and 564 9 kg/ha respectively. The most stable varieties were identified: by seed productivity – 261/32 (V=20.8%) and 205/1 (V=22.5%), by oil content – OKSI 261/32 (V=0.4%) and 208/4 (V=1.7%), for oil collection – OKSI 261/32 (V=21.1%) and 261/32 (V=22.9%). Genotypes with altered FAC of oil Argamak and 208/4 (linoleic acid – 56.0, 68.3%, linolenic acid – 17.0, 4.9%) and varieties Ermak, 261/32 and 205/1 with intermediate FAC were created (linoleic acid – 25.4-49.1%, linolenic acid – 24.0-46.9%).
Vladimir N. Brazhnikov (Thu,) studied this question.