Key result
Higher self-efficacy linked to ~166% greater likelihood of post-PCI healthy lifestyle transition.
Cohort (n=603)
Yes
Following first-time PCI, patients' lifestyle behaviors remain largely stable over 6 months, highlighting the need for targeted interventions focusing on self-efficacy and social support to promote healthier habits.
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Self-efficacy may guide post-PCI rehabilitation targeting; leaves open whether interventions improve lifestyle transitions in trials.
Background Maintaining a health-promoting lifestyle is essential for long-term cardiovascular risk management in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, how lifestyle behaviors change before and after first-time PCI, and which factors are associated with these changes, remain insufficiently understood. Aims This study aimed to identify patterns and short-term transitions in health-promoting lifestyle behaviors before and after first-time PCI in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods This was a prospective longitudinal study with a 6-month follow-up. A total of 603 patients with CHD from three tertiary hospitals in Zhengzhou were enrolled. Lifestyle profiles were identified at baseline (T1) and at 6 months after PCI (T2) using latent profile transition analysis (LPTA), and multinomial logistic regression was used to examine factors associated with profile transitions. Results Three different lifestyles were consistently identified at both time points: Unhealthy, Moderately Healthy, and Healthy. Although some transitions toward healthier profiles were observed between T1 and T2, most participants remained in their initial profile, indicating relative stability over the 6-month period. Higher levels of general self-efficacy and perceived social support significantly increased the likelihood of positive lifestyle changes ( p < 0.001). In contrast, higher BMI, lower education, and lower income were associated with reduced odds of behavioral improvement ( p < 0.05). Conclusion Lifestyle behaviors among patients undergoing first-time PCI are heterogeneous and show limited change over the first 6 months following the procedure. Psychological and social resources, particularly self-efficacy and social support, are important correlates of favorable lifestyle transitions and may represent useful targets for post-PCI care and rehabilitation.
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Jiang et al. (2026) conducted a cohort in Coronary heart disease undergoing first-time percutaneous coronary intervention (n=603). General self-efficacy vs. Lower levels of general self-efficacy was evaluated on Transition from an Unhealthy to a Healthy lifestyle profile at 6 months (OR 2.656, 95% CI 1.828-3.858, p=<0.001). Higher levels of general self-efficacy significantly increased the likelihood of transitioning from an unhealthy to a healthy lifestyle profile over 6 months following first-time percutaneous coronary intervention.
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